nota asas sains komputer tingkatan 1 by Heary Razani on Scribd
Monday, May 28, 2018
Monday, May 21, 2018
Thursday, May 3, 2018
Novel Pendahuluan
- Johari Teruskan Perjalanan Ini!-
- Firdaus Penyesalan Sepanjang Perjalanan
- Azlina Kerana Abang-
- Johari Antara Mereka Berdua
- Firdaus Kesal Belum Bernoktah
- Johari Api Itu lesti Dipadamkan
- Firdaus Tidak Kuduga
- Johari Kuinjaki Destinasi ini
- Azlina Senja Di Pantai-
- Firdaus Usah Lupa Bumi Yang Dipijak
- Johari Perubahan
- Firdaus Pahit Manis Dalam Perjalanan
- Glosari
- Biodata Penulis
Pendahuluan
Novel Destinasi Impian(梦想目的地) memaparkan(呈现) isu cabaran(挑战性问题) yang mencabar dan yang dicabar. Kedua-duanya digarap(制作) dengan begitu baik oleh pengarang melalui watak(角色) Firdaus, seorang anak muda yang pantang dicabar(一个不能受到挑战的年轻人). Watak Johari dan Azlina pula sentiasa berlegar(围绕) di sekeliling konflik(冲突) yang dihadapi oleh Firdaus. Cabaran(挑战) untuk berbasikal ke Pantai Morib terjelma(将转化) hasil perbualan antara mereka dengan datuk. Firdaus, abang kepada Azlina, seorang lelaki lemah lembut, pantas terusik ego kelakiannya(自尊心受到干扰) apabila dicabar untuk berbasikal. Firdaus mencapai kemuncak konfliknya(冲突的高峰) apabila hampir-hampir lemas(溺死) di laut semasa cuba menyelamatkan rakannya. Selepas insiden itu(在那次事件之后), bibit-bibit(种子) keinsafan(醒悟) mula tumbuh segar dalam hatinya.
Nama-nama latar yang digunakan dalam novel ini ialah fakta(事实) sebenar seperti Masjid Sultan Sulaiman,Istana Mahkota Kampung Jawa, Jalan Kebun dan Pantai Morib Baru. Semua latar ini terletak di negeri Selangor. Penulis menggunakan latar sebenar untuk mengaitkannya(联系起来) dengan cabaran yang sentiasa wujud di bumi nyata. Cabaran tidak wujud melalui angan-angan(梦话). Bukan semua orang mampu menghadapi cabaran. Yang mampu menghadapi cabaran akan berjaya. Yang gagal usahlah cepat berputus asa(放弃). Terimalah cabaran dengan fikiran yang positif untuk membina ketahanan(建立耐力) diri dalam menghadapi hari-hari yang mendatang.
Semoga penerbitan(出版) buku ini akan memberikan manfaat(利于) kepada murid. Murid diharapkan dapat menjadikan cabaran sebagai satu titik tolak(起点) untuk bangun memburu kejayaan(寻找成功) pada masa hadapan.
Wednesday, April 25, 2018
3.1 Hemeostasis in Living Things - Homeostasis in Plants
3.1 Hemeostasis in Living Things
■ Homeostasis is a process of regulating the internal environment of the body to be in a balanced and stable condition.
■ Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Homeostasis in Human Body
■ 70% of our body mass is water.
■ Every day, a large amount of water is lost from the body which needs to be replaced.
■ Excessive loss of water makes us feel thirsty and this can be fatal in the long term.
■ Our body temperature needs to be always maintained at 37°C
■ An extra 6°C rise in the body temperature can affect the functions of body cells and this can cause death.
■ Therefore, regulation of water content and body temperature are important homeostasis to sustain life.
Regulation of Water Content
■ The systems involved in the regulation of water content are excretory system and endocrine system.
■ Regulation of water content in the body can be achieved by controlling the volume of
urine production from the kidneys using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Increase in Water Level
1. When we drink a lot of water and sweat less, the water content in our body will increase.
2. The increase in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will increase the urine production.
3. As a result, high volume of diluted urine will be produced. Hence, the water level in the body will decrease to the normal level.
Audio: Decrease in Water Level
1. On the other hand, when we drink less water or sweat a lot, the water content in our body will decrease.
2. The decrease in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will reduce the urine production.
3. As aresult, very less and concentrated urine will be produced. The water level in our
body will increase to the normal level.
Regulation of Body Temperature
■ The skin in the excretory system and hormone secreted by the endocrine system play an important role in regulating the body temperature.
2 When the body temperature deviates from 37°C , the change in the body temperature will be detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms will act to restore the body temperature to the normal range.
3. Corrective mechanisms control the production of heat and loss of heat which involve the actions of blood vessels, sweat glands, hairs, skeletal muscles and hormone.
4. In a hot surrounding or during exercise, heat los will increase and heat production will decrease. Hence, the temperature wl decrease and return to normal.
5. On the other hand, when the surrounding is cold, the heat production will increase and heat loss will decrease. So, the temperature will increase and return to normal.
■ Homeostasis is a process of regulating the internal environment of the body to be in a balanced and stable condition.
■ Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Homeostasis in Human Body
■ 70% of our body mass is water.
■ Every day, a large amount of water is lost from the body which needs to be replaced.
■ Excessive loss of water makes us feel thirsty and this can be fatal in the long term.
■ Our body temperature needs to be always maintained at 37°C
■ An extra 6°C rise in the body temperature can affect the functions of body cells and this can cause death.
■ Therefore, regulation of water content and body temperature are important homeostasis to sustain life.
Regulation of Water Content
■ The systems involved in the regulation of water content are excretory system and endocrine system.
■ Regulation of water content in the body can be achieved by controlling the volume of
urine production from the kidneys using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Increase in Water Level
1. When we drink a lot of water and sweat less, the water content in our body will increase.
2. The increase in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will increase the urine production.
3. As a result, high volume of diluted urine will be produced. Hence, the water level in the body will decrease to the normal level.
Audio: Decrease in Water Level
1. On the other hand, when we drink less water or sweat a lot, the water content in our body will decrease.
2. The decrease in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will reduce the urine production.
3. As aresult, very less and concentrated urine will be produced. The water level in our
body will increase to the normal level.
Regulation of Body Temperature
■ The skin in the excretory system and hormone secreted by the endocrine system play an important role in regulating the body temperature.
2 When the body temperature deviates from 37°C , the change in the body temperature will be detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms will act to restore the body temperature to the normal range.
3. Corrective mechanisms control the production of heat and loss of heat which involve the actions of blood vessels, sweat glands, hairs, skeletal muscles and hormone.
4. In a hot surrounding or during exercise, heat los will increase and heat production will decrease. Hence, the temperature wl decrease and return to normal.
5. On the other hand, when the surrounding is cold, the heat production will increase and heat loss will decrease. So, the temperature will increase and return to normal.
3.1 Hemeostasis in Living Things - Homeostasis in Animals
3.1 Hemeostasis in Living Things
■ Homeostasis is a process of regulating the internal environment of the body to be in a balanced and stable condition.
■ Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Homeostasis in Human Body
■ 70% of our body mass is water.
■ Every day, a large amount of water is lost from the body which needs to be replaced.
■ Excessive loss of water makes us feel thirsty and this can be fatal in the long term.
■ Our body temperature needs to be always maintained at 37°C
■ An extra 6°C rise in the body temperature can affect the functions of body cells and this can cause death.
■ Therefore, regulation of water content and body temperature are important homeostasis to sustain life.
Regulation of Water Content
■ The systems involved in the regulation of water content are excretory system and endocrine system.
■ Regulation of water content in the body can be achieved by controlling the volume of
urine production from the kidneys using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Increase in Water Level
1. When we drink a lot of water and sweat less, the water content in our body will increase.
2. The increase in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will increase the urine production.
3. As a result, high volume of diluted urine will be produced. Hence, the water level in the body will decrease to the normal level.
Audio: Decrease in Water Level
1. On the other hand, when we drink less water or sweat a lot, the water content in our body will decrease.
2. The decrease in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will reduce the urine production.
3. As aresult, very less and concentrated urine will be produced. The water level in our
body will increase to the normal level.
Regulation of Body Temperature
■ The skin in the excretory system and hormone secreted by the endocrine system play an important role in regulating the body temperature.
2 When the body temperature deviates from 37°C , the change in the body temperature will be detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms will act to restore the body temperature to the normal range.
3. Corrective mechanisms control the production of heat and loss of heat which involve the actions of blood vessels, sweat glands, hairs, skeletal muscles and hormone.
4. In a hot surrounding or during exercise, heat los will increase and heat production will decrease. Hence, the temperature wl decrease and return to normal.
5. On the other hand, when the surrounding is cold, the heat production will increase and heat loss will decrease. So, the temperature will increase and return to normal.
■ Homeostasis is a process of regulating the internal environment of the body to be in a balanced and stable condition.
■ Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Homeostasis using corrective mechanisms.
Homeostasis in Human Body
■ 70% of our body mass is water.
■ Every day, a large amount of water is lost from the body which needs to be replaced.
■ Excessive loss of water makes us feel thirsty and this can be fatal in the long term.
■ Our body temperature needs to be always maintained at 37°C
■ An extra 6°C rise in the body temperature can affect the functions of body cells and this can cause death.
■ Therefore, regulation of water content and body temperature are important homeostasis to sustain life.
Regulation of Water Content
■ The systems involved in the regulation of water content are excretory system and endocrine system.
■ Regulation of water content in the body can be achieved by controlling the volume of
urine production from the kidneys using corrective mechanisms.
Audio: Increase in Water Level
1. When we drink a lot of water and sweat less, the water content in our body will increase.
2. The increase in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will increase the urine production.
3. As a result, high volume of diluted urine will be produced. Hence, the water level in the body will decrease to the normal level.
Audio: Decrease in Water Level
1. On the other hand, when we drink less water or sweat a lot, the water content in our body will decrease.
2. The decrease in water level in our body is detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms occur to stimulate the secretion of a hormone so that the kidneys will reduce the urine production.
3. As aresult, very less and concentrated urine will be produced. The water level in our
body will increase to the normal level.
Regulation of Body Temperature
■ The skin in the excretory system and hormone secreted by the endocrine system play an important role in regulating the body temperature.
2 When the body temperature deviates from 37°C , the change in the body temperature will be detected by the brain and corrective mechanisms will act to restore the body temperature to the normal range.
3. Corrective mechanisms control the production of heat and loss of heat which involve the actions of blood vessels, sweat glands, hairs, skeletal muscles and hormone.
4. In a hot surrounding or during exercise, heat los will increase and heat production will decrease. Hence, the temperature wl decrease and return to normal.
5. On the other hand, when the surrounding is cold, the heat production will increase and heat loss will decrease. So, the temperature will increase and return to normal.
Tuesday, April 24, 2018
Chapter 3: Coordination and Response
Table of Content
| ► | 3.1 Homeostasis in Living Things | |||||||||
|
Keywords: Coordination 协调 Response反应 Hemeostatis 动态平衡 Regulation of water content 调节含水量 Regulation of body temperature 调节体温 Pulse rate 心率 Biological action 生物行为 Transpiration 发汗 Stoma 气孔 |
4.1 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction
Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
■ Reproduction: production of a new generation of individuals(offspring) from pre-existing ones(parents).
■ Importance: ensure the continuity or perpetuation of the species.
■ Types of reproduction
Audio:
Sexual Reproduction
■ The production of offspring by the fusion of specialised sex cells(gametes)
■ The male gamete(sperm) fuses with the female gamete (ovum or egg) by a process known as fertilisation.
■ This results in the formation of a zygote. The zygote develops into a new individual.
■ Living organisms which carry out sexual reproduction: humans, all vertebrates, insects and flowering plants.
Audio:
■ Types of fertilisation:
Audio:
■ Reproduction: production of a new generation of individuals(offspring) from pre-existing ones(parents).
■ Importance: ensure the continuity or perpetuation of the species.
■ Types of reproduction
| ► | Sexual reproduction | |
| ► | Asexual reproduction |
Sexual Reproduction
■ The production of offspring by the fusion of specialised sex cells(gametes)
■ The male gamete(sperm) fuses with the female gamete (ovum or egg) by a process known as fertilisation.
■ This results in the formation of a zygote. The zygote develops into a new individual.
■ Living organisms which carry out sexual reproduction: humans, all vertebrates, insects and flowering plants.
Audio:
■ Types of fertilisation:
| ► | Internal fertilisation
|
|
| ► | External fertilisation
|
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